ICON

ICON是一个由各种独立的社会以区块链连接而形成的去中心化网络。ICON 网络利用复杂的技术架构和治理系统来保持其完整性、透明度和寿命。它还在其治理结构中包含了几个不同的组成部分，包括公共代表 (P-Reps)、网络提案系统 (NPS) 和捐款提案系统 (CPS)。ICON 的治理模型在很大程度上是通过平台的委托贡献证明 (DPoC) 共识机制和 ICON 激励评分系统 (IISS) 运行的，该系统决定了网络参与者的硬币奖励分配。
<div class="ql-long-58030660" data-header="2" data-foldable="">ICON 网络的主要组成部分</div>
ICON 网络由相互交互的人类参与者和技术元素组成，以创建一个无需信任的交易系统。以下是确保 ICON 网络完整性、透明度和寿命的主要组件：
<ul>
<li class="">公共代表（P-Reps）：P-Reps负责 ICON 网络中的治理和区块生产。ICON 目前最多支持 100 个 P-Reps。每个 P-Rep 的排名由从代币持有者那里收到的投票数决定，其中一个 ICX（ICON 区块链的原生代币）相当于一票。&nbsp;</li>
<li class="">ICONists：ICONists 是负责选举 P-Reps 并因提交投票而获得奖励的选民。这一点尤为重要，因为投票过程构成了 ICON区块链的委托贡献证明(DPoC) 治理机制的很大一部分。ICONists 被激励投票支持对 ICON 网络做出更多贡献的 P-Reps，以及他们支持的政策。</li>
<li class="">网络提案系统 (NPS)：NPS 由 P-Rep 管理以创建新的或修改现有的网络策略。P-Reps 有机会通过提出值得注意的政策来吸引 ICONists。</li>
<li class="">贡献提案系统 (CPS)：CPS 是一个分散的资助计划，由网络的 P-Reps 管理。P-Reps 有机会对提案进行投票和赞助。赞助提案为 P-Rep 提供了额外的奖励，但如果提案是恶意的或不成功的，他们必须提供相当于预算 10% 的ICX抵押品。</li>
<li class="">区块链传输协议 (BTP)：ICON 的公共区块链旨在通过使用BTP成为公共和私有网络的经济活动中心。BTP 是一种独特的互操作性架构，不需要中继者或网络运营商之间的信任、博弈论或共识。所有数据都通过连接的区块链上的智能合约进行验证。</li>
<li class="">中继器：中继器负责使用 BTP 在连接的区块链之间传递消息。他们在互操作性方面发挥着关键作用，并因其工作而获得网络奖励。</li>
</ul>
<div class="ql-long-58030660" data-header="2" data-foldable="">P-Reps</div>
ICON 网络利用 P-Rep 节点来帮助确保透明度和有效治理。网络的 P-Rep 创建和验证区块，同时也参与 ICON 的政策决策。ICON 网络由 22 个主要 P-Rep 和 78 个副 P-Rep（总共 100 个）组成。一般而言，权益证明(PoS) 和相关共识机制依赖于将网络加密货币作为抵押品（或接受权益委托）的节点，以提高网络的透明度、去中心化和安全性。ICON 的 BFT-DPoS 也不例外，网络的各种节点类型依赖于这种基本结构&mdash;&mdash;每个节点都由其选民的股份支持。在这个例子中，选民质押 ICX 币并委托给他们选择的验证器节点。可以随时添加新的 P-Rep 候选人，因为 ICON 是一个无需许可的网络。目前还有 37 个 P-Rep 节点候选者争相成为对网络验证有贡献的前 100 个 P-Rep 节点之一。P-Rep 由软件开发人员、营销人员、公司和其他成员组成的团队运营，他们都为 ICON 项目的长期愿景做出了贡献。&nbsp;
<div class="ql-long-58030660" data-header="2" data-foldable="">ICON 网络的治理结构</div>
作为其治理结构的一部分，ICON 网络利用一种称为委托贡献证明 (DPoC) 的共识机制。通过这种机制，ICX 代币持有者使用他们的代币进行质押并将其治理权委托给 P-Rep。然后，P-Rep 可以使用他们收到的委托在网络提案系统 (NPS) 和贡献提案系统 (CPS) 中投票。
在 NPS 中，有几种不同类型的提案。下面突出显示了最常用的提案类型：
<ul>
<li class="">文本建议：用于在开发前就方向达成一致。</li>
<li class="">修订提案：在开发软件更新（即开发文本提案中同意的内容）之后，使用修订提案来采用新软件。</li>
<li class="">Step Price Proposal：用于更改基础交易费用。</li>
<li class="">i_rep Proposal：用于调整 P-Reps 的奖励率。较高的 i_rep 会导致更多的奖励和更多的通货膨胀，而较低的 i_rep 会导致较低的奖励和较低的通货膨胀。</li>
</ul>
CPS 比 NPS 更开放。任何有兴趣申请赠款的人都可以向 CPS 提交提案。然后，P-Reps 将投票决定是否批准赠款。CPS 的资金来自区块奖励。批准的拨款将在提交令人满意的进度报告的情况下从 CPS 获得每月分期付款。&nbsp;
网络提案系统和贡献提案系统都有相同的审批门槛。他们必须从每个 P-Rep 节点的股权加权投票和个人投票中获得 66% 以上的批准（即 1 个 P-Rep = 1 票）。&nbsp;
<div class="ql-long-58030660" data-header="2" data-foldable="">ICON 2.0 发布：Batang</div>
ICON 网络是使用编程语言构建的，这些语言迎合了正在构建可扩展企业系统的主流开发人员，并经历了一系列旨在改善这一趋势的发展。2020 年 10 月，ICON 启动了江南测试网，这将为 ICON 的下一代区块链平台 ICON 2.0：Batang 的发布铺平道路。ICON 1.0 主要于 2017 年设计，完全使用 Python 编写。相比之下，ICON 2.0: Batang 被设计为在<a class="ql-link ql-size-14 ql-font-microsoftyahei ql-author-58030660" href="https://www.gemini.com/cryptopedia/glossary#go-programming-language" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer nofollow">Golang</a>上运行.&nbsp;ICON 2.0 旨在促进资产和其他数据的跨链互操作性，这些数据将在 ICON 网络和其他著名的区块链网络之间进行交换。ICON 2.0 的首次发布定于 2021 年第一季度，所有从 ICON 1.0 到 ICON 2.0 的数据迁移预计将在 2021 年 6 月完成。&nbsp;
以下是 ICON 2.0 的一些显着特性：&nbsp;
<ul>
<li class="">Java SCORE Executor 和基于 Java 的虚拟机 (VM)：ICON 2.0 将利用一种新的尖端虚拟机解决方案，旨在以指数方式提高网络功能。与此相反的虚拟机（EVM），它是建立在复仇的称为自定义编程语言的密实度，ICON的新的虚拟机将使用更广泛的编程语言Java的。ICON 2.0 的 VM 旨在通过 ICON 的SCORE（可靠环境智能合约）智能合约框架安全地编写智能合约&mdash;&mdash;无需在使用 ICON 1.0 时阻碍开发人员的繁琐智能合约审计程序。</li>
<li class="">快速同步技术：ICON 2.0 引入了快速同步技术，允许服务更快地同步最近的区块数据，从而带来更好的用户体验。</li>
<li class="">多通道技术：多通道技术是一种可扩展性改进框架，它使每个构建在 ICON 上的去中心化应用程序（dApp）成为特定于应用程序的通道（本质上是它自己的区块链）。随着更多交易进入主网络，渠道链将变得更加重要。</li>
<li class="">改进的经济结构：所有 P-Rep 节点将被要求投入相当于其所收到选票 5% 的 ICX 并承担风险（如果 P-Rep 有 100 票，它必须投入 5 个 ICX）进一步使 P-Rep 与网络。奖励分配也将分配到明确定义的部分，例如 P-Reps、选民、中继者、CPS 或网络批准的任何智能合约。这种结构可以灵活地将网络资源分配到许多不同的未来计划中，同时将任何复杂的奖励分配逻辑放入智能合约层和核心区块链层之外。BTP（如上所述）还为 ICON 2.0 中的 ICON 经济结构增加了更多价值。</li>
</ul>

0xb5a5f22694352c15b00323844ad545abb2b11028

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ICON (ICX) 简介

20%技术研发，20%储备金1，15%储备金2，12%运营，8%市场营销，15%商业发展，10%战略合作伙伴

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